Acute Otitis Media — Paediatrics
Acute otitis media is an ear infection, specifically of the middle ear, which is the portion located just behind the eardrum. It is very common, and most children will experience at least one episode during their first years of life.
Symptoms
Typically, the child starts with a cold, with abundant mucus, and after a few days begins to complain of ear pain. The pain is usually worse at night and when lying down. Fever is not always present
Diagnosis
This condition is suspected based on the clinical history (symptoms described by the patient, if older, or reported by the parents) and is confirmed by examining the ear with an otoscope.
Treatment
Although it may surprise many, most cases of otitis resolve spontaneously within 48–72 hours. The pediatrician will decide, based on the child’s age, symptoms, and examination findings, what treatment is needed.
Treatment may consist of scheduled analgesics and/or anti-inflammatory medications (paracetamol and ibuprofen), with follow-up monitoring. In certain cases, oral antibiotics are required.
Warning Signs – When to Seek Medical Care
- Ear discharge (this indicates suppurative otitis media and requires antibiotic treatment).
- The child is irritable or drowsy, in poor general condition, or vomits several times.
- The outer ear is pushed forward, with redness and swelling behind it.
- Symptoms do not improve after 48 hours of treatment.