Acne: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and TreatmentAcne is a very common inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit, generally affecting adolescents and young women. Although several factors play a role (stress, diet, topical products used, etc.),...
Acute Laryngitis – PediatricLaryngitis is an acute respiratory illness characterized by inflammation of the larynx, the lower part of the throat where the vocal cords are located. The vast majority of cases are caused by respiratory...
Acute Otitis Media — PaediatricsAcute otitis media is an ear infection, specifically of the middle ear, which is the portion located just behind the eardrum. It is very common, and most children will experience at least one episode during...
Acute Pharyngotonsillitis – PediatricAcute pharyngotonsillitis is an inflammation of infectious origin affecting the pharynx and the tonsils, which are located on both sides of the throat. It can be caused by viruses or bacteria.
AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD)Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a progressive degeneration of the central region of the retina called the macula, resulting in a gradual loss of central vision.AMD is the most common cause of...
AlopeciaHair loss is a very common reason for consultation in dermatology. However, not all types of "hair loss" are the same, and an accurate diagnosis is essential in order to establish an appropriate and effective...
Alopecia: Definition, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and TreatmentThe term "alopecia" refers to the different conditions that involve hair loss. There are multiple types of alopecia and, generally, they are divided into two groups: scarring alopecias...
Alzheimer’s Disease: Definition, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and TreatmentAlzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive deterioration of cognitive abilities (memory, language, reasoning, behavior, etc.). When the decline becomes severe enough...
Amblyopia (Lazy Eye)Amblyopia (commonly called lazy eye) is reduced vision in one eye (or both eyes) due to abnormal visual development during the first years of life, caused by different factors.For this reason, regular...
Angina PectorisAngina pectoris is an ischemic heart disease caused by the obstruction or deterioration of the coronary arteries, which prevents sufficient blood—and therefore oxygen—from reaching the heart.Depending...
AstigmatismAstigmatism is a refractive error in which objects may appear distorted, elongated, or wider than they actually are; sometimes shadows may also appear.In most cases, astigmatism is due to a lack of symmetry...
Atopic Dermatitis – PediatricAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disorder. It is characterized by inflammation of the skin that occurs in recurrent flare-ups, alternating periods of improvement with periods of worsening.
BartholinitisIt is the infection and inflammation of the major vestibular glands, or Bartholin's glands, whose function is related to lubrication during sexual intercourse.They are found in the lower third of the labia...
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) literally means enlargement of the prostate gland.The prostate is a male gland that produces prostatic fluid, which protects sperm and aids in fertilization. It is located...
Bladder CancerIt ranks eleventh in incidence among all cancers diagnosed in both sexes and seventh in men. It is more common in men, as its main risk factor is smoking, a habit that has traditionally been more frequently...
Breast CancerBreast cancer, also known as cancer of the breast, is a disease that originates when cells that are part of the mammary gland begin to reproduce uncontrollably, significantly increase in number, and form...
Breast Hypertrophy or GigantomastiaBreast hypertrophy is a disproportionate increase in breast volume compared to what is considered normal for a patient’s age, weight, and height (body mass index). It is also known as gigantomastia.Symptoms...
Bronchiolitis – PediatricBronchiolitis is a viral infection of the lower respiratory tract that affects children under two years of age (most commonly those under 6 months). It usually occurs between November and April.The virus...
Cerebral AneurysmA cerebral aneurysm is an abnormal widening or dilation of an artery in the brain, caused by a weakened area in the artery wall that bulges due to the pressure of blood flow.The wall of the aneurysm is...
Cold Sores (Herpes Labialis)Cold sores (or fever blisters) are a viral infection characterized by fluid-filled blisters that appear on or around the lips. When they rupture, they form ulcers and eventually scab over. They are highly...
CystitisCystitis is the inflammation of the bladder. This inflammation is mainly due to a bacterial urinary tract infection originating in the digestive system, which contaminates the genitals and perineal region...
DiplopiaDiplopia is the perception of two images (double vision) when there should only be one.
Endometrial PolypsEndometrial polyps are hyperplastic proliferations or excessive growths of the endometrial glands and the tissue surrounding a blood vessel. They form projections that protrude from the surface of the...
EpilepsyEpilepsy is a neurological disorder in which the electrical activity of neurons becomes altered, leading to a predisposition to epileptic seizures. Although it can occur at any age, it is more common in...
Epiretinal MembraneAn epiretinal membrane is a layer of tissue that grows on the surface of the macula (the central area of the retina).It can contract, thicken, and pull on the retina, causing folds and macular edema (fluid...